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heartland rock
Heartland rock is a genre of rock music that is exemplified by the commercial success of singer-songwriters Bruce Springsteen, Bob Seger, Tom Petty, and John Mellencamp. It is characterized by a straightforward musical style, a concern with the average, blue-collar American life, and a conviction that rock music has a social or communal purpose beyond just entertainment.
It is also associated with a number of country music artists including Steve Earle and Joe Ely, along with less widely known acts such as the Iron City Houserockers. The genre developed in the 1970s and reached its commercial peak in the 1980s, when it became one of the best-selling genres in the United States. In the 1990s, many established acts faded and the genre began to fragment, but the major figures have continued to record with commercial success.
==Characteristics==
The term ''heartland rock'' was not coined to describe a clear genre until the 1980s.〔 In terms of style it often uses straightforward rock and roll, sometimes with elements of Americana〔 and country.〔.〕 Most artists avoided the synthezisers that dominated the electronic rock of the 1980s and placed an emphasis on guitars,〔 with a basic rhythm and blues line-up of drums, keyboards and occasional horn section instruments like a saxophone. Lyrics are often presented in a style that is raspy and unpolished, adding a sense of authenticity.〔 It was most strongly influenced by American country, folk and folk rock acts such as Hank Williams, Woody Guthrie,〔T. Weschler and G. Graff, ''Travelin' Man: On the Road and Behind the Scenes with Bob Seger'' (Wayne State University Press, 2009), ISBN 0-8143-3459-8, p. xvi.〕 Bob Dylan, The Byrds, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Van Morrison, as well as the basic rock of 1960s garage and the Rolling Stones.〔.〕
Verses often outline narrative stories, particularly of people undergoing hard times and choruses are often anthemic in tone.〔.〕 It is associated with rural and blue-collar values,〔 particularly those of the predominantly white working-class regions of the Midwest and the rust belt.〔G. Thompson, ''American Culture in the 1980s'' (Edinburgh:Edinburgh University Press, 2007), ISBN 0-7486-1910-0, p. 138.〕 It has been characterized as a predominantly romantic genre, celebrating "urban backstreets and rooftops",〔K. Keightley, "Reconsidering rock" in S. Frith, W. Straw and J. Street, eds, ''The Cambridge Companion to Pop and Rock'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-521-55660-0, p. 138.〕 and its major themes have been listed as including "unemployment, small-town decline, disillusionment, limited opportunity and bitter nostalgia",〔 as well as alienation and despair.〔C. Detweiler and B. Taylor, ''A Matrix of Meanings: Finding God in Pop Culture'' (Baker Academic, 2003), ISBN 0-8010-2417-X, p. 145,〕
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